FluorPen FP 110 and PAR-FluorPen FP 110-LM

FluorPen FP 110 is a portable, battery-powered PAM fluorometer that enables quick and precise measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the laboratory, greenhouse, or in the field. It can be effectively used for studying photosynthetic activity, stress detection, herbicide testing, or mutant screening. Affordable price and straight-forward two-button operation makes the FluorPen a perfect tool for teaching photosynthesis.

PAR-FluorPen FP 110 is extended version of FluorPen FP 110, which incorporates an integrated Light Meter for direct digital readouts of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) in the range from 400 to 700 nm, the span in which plants use energy during photosynthesis. PAR is measured as Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD), which is indicated by units of quanta (photons) per unit time per unit surface area. The sensor has a uniform response to photons within the 400 - 700 nm waveband. Instant readouts are provided as average values of 20 measurements.

Measured data are sequentially stored in the internal FluorPen memory. Data transfer to a PC is via USB or Bluetooth communication. Comprehensive FluorPen 1.1 software provides data transfer routines and many additional features for data presentation in tables and graphs.

Different leaf-clips for gentle but firm sample holding are available:

• standard leaf-clip is suitable for experiments where short term dark adaptation is needed (version S);
• detachable leaf-clips are suitable for experiments where long term dark adaptation is needed (version D);
• custom optical probe is used in online FP version providing autonomous unattended measuring in lab conditions (version P);
• custom open-window leaf-clips are suitable for measurements in ambient light (version X).

APPLICATIONS

• Photosynthesis research
• Screening & Characterization of photosynthetic mutants
• Field studies
• Stress detection
• Agriculture & forestry
• Herbicide testing
• Education

FLUORPENS MEASURE

• Ft - continuous fluorescence yield in non-actinic light. Ft is equivalent to F₀ if the leaf sample is dark-adapted.
• QY - photosystem II Quantum Yield. QY is equivalent to Fv/Fm in the dark-adapted samples and to Fv'/Fm' in the light-adapted samples.
• OJIP - Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Kinetics. The OJIP curves enable observing major changes that occur during exposure of plants to high irradiance.
• NPQ - Non-Photochemical Quenching. The NPQ protocol is the most typically used measuring approach to quantify photochemical and nonphotochemical quenching. The measurement should be performed with a dark-adapted sample.
• Light Curve (QY) - Photosystem II Quantum Yield estimated from fluorescence that is measured sequentially in several different light levels.
• PAR - Photosynthetically Active Radiation measured as Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) (only in PAR-FluorPen FP 110)

SOFTWARE

• FluorPen 1.1 software (Windows 7 or higher compatible)
• Real-time and remote control functions
• Bluetooth and USB communication
• Visualization and data transfer routines to Microsoft Excel (optional)
• GPS mapping